cd226 cell signaling molecule Search Results


90
Schering-Plough corporation cd226 accessory molecule-1, dnam1
A list of the most prominent bioactive molecules in tumor microenvironment and their effect on phenotype of NK cells and tumor cells undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (* Regular fonts indicate inhibition of NK antitumor activity whereas italics indicate activation).
Cd226 Accessory Molecule 1, Dnam1, supplied by Schering-Plough corporation, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Becton Dickinson fitc-conjugated anti-dnax accessory molecule-1 (dnam-1
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Fitc Conjugated Anti Dnax Accessory Molecule 1 (Dnam 1, supplied by Becton Dickinson, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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fitc-conjugated anti-dnax accessory molecule-1 (dnam-1 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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91
Proteintech β actin
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
β Actin, supplied by Proteintech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 91/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/cd226+cell+signaling+molecule/CD226+Antibody/pmc11733534-171-27-30
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Bio-Techne corporation human nkg2d/cd314 antibody
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Human Nkg2d/Cd314 Antibody, supplied by Bio-Techne corporation, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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NSJ Bioreagents cd59 antibody
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Cd59 Antibody, supplied by NSJ Bioreagents, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Biotium cd3e, mouse(145-2c11)
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Cd3e, Mouse(145 2c11), supplied by Biotium, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Sony Biotechnology id7000 spectral cell analyzer
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Id7000 Spectral Cell Analyzer, supplied by Sony Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Biotium cd3e (t-cell marker)(ucht1)
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Cd3e (T Cell Marker)(Ucht1), supplied by Biotium, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Cytiva Europe percoll
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Percoll, supplied by Cytiva Europe, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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NSJ Bioreagents cd8b antibody
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Cd8b Antibody, supplied by NSJ Bioreagents, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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NSJ Bioreagents cd3 epsilon antibody
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Cd3 Epsilon Antibody, supplied by NSJ Bioreagents, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Bio-Techne corporation cd31/pecam-1 antibody (jc/70a) - bsa free
NKG2D, DNAX accessory <t>molecule</t> <t>1</t> <t>(DNAM-1),</t> NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.
Cd31/Pecam 1 Antibody (Jc/70a) Bsa Free, supplied by Bio-Techne corporation, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Image Search Results


A list of the most prominent bioactive molecules in tumor microenvironment and their effect on phenotype of NK cells and tumor cells undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (* Regular fonts indicate inhibition of NK antitumor activity whereas italics indicate activation).

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: Cross-Talk Between Tumor Cells Undergoing Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Natural Killer Cells in Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.750022

Figure Lengend Snippet: A list of the most prominent bioactive molecules in tumor microenvironment and their effect on phenotype of NK cells and tumor cells undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition (* Regular fonts indicate inhibition of NK antitumor activity whereas italics indicate activation).

Article Snippet: In this sense a typical example is a family of nectin-binding adhesion molecules that includes activating receptor CD226 (DNAX accessory molecule-1, DNAM1), and its inhibitory counterparts CD96 [T cell-activated increased late expression (TACTILE)] and T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) receptors.

Techniques: Inhibition, Activity Assay, Activation Assay

NKG2D, DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1), NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.

Journal: Immunology

Article Title: Balance between activating NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp44 and NKp46 and inhibitory CD94/NKG2A receptors determine natural killer degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts

doi: 10.1111/imm.12271

Figure Lengend Snippet: NKG2D, DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1), NKp44 and NKp46 are involved in Nishi natural killer (NK) cell degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). (a) RA-FLS were seeded at 1 × 104 cells/well in 48-well plates, grown to confluency (approximately 4·8 × 104 cells/well) for 72 hr, and Nishi were added at the indicated ratios overnight. Adherent cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained with eosin. An ImmunoSpot Image Analyzer was used to take images and quantify % of well area covered. Figure and graph are duplicates of one donor, and representative of n = 2 donors. (b) RA-FLS were seeded at 2 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 6 × 103 cells/well Nishi were added to the approximately 4·8 × 104 RA-FLS/well giving an effector : target ratio of 1 : 4. RA-FLS and Nishi were co-cultured overnight. Wells were analysed as described. Representative of n = 3. (c, d) RA-FLS were seeded at 3 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 9 × 104 Nishi/well were added. Nishi and RA-FLS were co-cultured as described and blocked with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or isotype-matched control immunoglobulin as indicated. Nishi were identified as viable, single CD3− CD16− CD56+ cells. Data points are a combination of several experiments and a total of n = 8 donors. (e) RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) were enriched for NK cells by antibody-coated bead separation and cultured in interleukin-15 (IL-15) for up to 3 weeks. RA-FLS were seeded at 1·5 × 104 cells/well in 96-well plates, the following day 4·5 × 104 autologous enriched CD3− CD56+ RA SF NK cells were added per well. NK cells and FLS were co-cultured as described. Results from two donors are shown. NK cells were identified as viable, single CD3− CD56+ cells.

Article Snippet: Flow cytometry The following antibodies were used for surface staining of either RA-FLS (detached using 2 m m EDTA) or NK cells at 10 μg/ml or 1 : 100 dilution, together with Near-IR LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain (Invitrogen): FITC anti-CD3 (HIT3A, BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ), FITC-conjugated anti-CD158a/b (EB6, BD Biosciences), FITC-conjugated anti-CD158b1/b2 (DX27, BD Biosciences), FITC-conjugated anti-CD158e1 (DX9, BD Biosciences), FITC-conjugated anti-DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1; DX11, BD Biosciences), phycoerythrin (PE) -conjugated anti-NKG2D (1D11, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD85j (HP-F1, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD244 (2B4, BD Biosciences), PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD56 (B159, BD Biosciences), anti-HLA-E (3D12, eBioscience, San Diego, CA), anti-MHC class I (DX17, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD48 (BJ40, BioLegend, San Diego, CA), anti-MIC-A (159227, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), anti-MIC-B (236511, R&D Systems), anti-UL-16 binding protein 1 (ULBP-1; 170818, R&D Systems), anti-ULBP-2/5/6 (165903, R&D Systems), anti-ULBP-3 (166510, R&D Systems), anti-CD112 (R2.525, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD155 (SKII.4, BioLegend), allophycocyanin (APC) -conjugated anti-CD54 (HA58, BD Biosciences), anti-KIR2D (NKVFS1, Miltenyi Biotec), PE-conjugated anti-CD55 (A10, BD Biosciences), APC-conjugated anti-CD68 (Y1/82A, BD Biosciences), anti-HLA-G (87G, BioLegend) and PE-conjugated anti-NKG2C (134591, R&D Systems).

Techniques: Staining, Cell Culture

Synovial fibroblasts from non-inflamed synovium express numerous ligands for natural killer (NK) cell receptors. Synovial fibroblasts derived from tissue of non-inflamed joints were surface stained for expression of (a) fibroblast-marker CD55 and macrophage-marker CD68, ligands for activating NK cell receptors (b) NKG2D [MHC class I-chain related protein A,B (MIC-A,B) and UL-16 binding protein 1 (ULBP-1; ULBP-2/5/6,3)] and (c) DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1; CD155 and CD112), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1; CD54) and 2B4/CD244 (CD48); and (d) ligands for inhibitory NK cell receptors. Filled histograms represent isotype-matched control immunoglobulin. Figure shows stainings from two donors.

Journal: Immunology

Article Title: Balance between activating NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp44 and NKp46 and inhibitory CD94/NKG2A receptors determine natural killer degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts

doi: 10.1111/imm.12271

Figure Lengend Snippet: Synovial fibroblasts from non-inflamed synovium express numerous ligands for natural killer (NK) cell receptors. Synovial fibroblasts derived from tissue of non-inflamed joints were surface stained for expression of (a) fibroblast-marker CD55 and macrophage-marker CD68, ligands for activating NK cell receptors (b) NKG2D [MHC class I-chain related protein A,B (MIC-A,B) and UL-16 binding protein 1 (ULBP-1; ULBP-2/5/6,3)] and (c) DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1; CD155 and CD112), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1; CD54) and 2B4/CD244 (CD48); and (d) ligands for inhibitory NK cell receptors. Filled histograms represent isotype-matched control immunoglobulin. Figure shows stainings from two donors.

Article Snippet: Flow cytometry The following antibodies were used for surface staining of either RA-FLS (detached using 2 m m EDTA) or NK cells at 10 μg/ml or 1 : 100 dilution, together with Near-IR LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain (Invitrogen): FITC anti-CD3 (HIT3A, BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ), FITC-conjugated anti-CD158a/b (EB6, BD Biosciences), FITC-conjugated anti-CD158b1/b2 (DX27, BD Biosciences), FITC-conjugated anti-CD158e1 (DX9, BD Biosciences), FITC-conjugated anti-DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1; DX11, BD Biosciences), phycoerythrin (PE) -conjugated anti-NKG2D (1D11, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD85j (HP-F1, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD244 (2B4, BD Biosciences), PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD56 (B159, BD Biosciences), anti-HLA-E (3D12, eBioscience, San Diego, CA), anti-MHC class I (DX17, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD48 (BJ40, BioLegend, San Diego, CA), anti-MIC-A (159227, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), anti-MIC-B (236511, R&D Systems), anti-UL-16 binding protein 1 (ULBP-1; 170818, R&D Systems), anti-ULBP-2/5/6 (165903, R&D Systems), anti-ULBP-3 (166510, R&D Systems), anti-CD112 (R2.525, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD155 (SKII.4, BioLegend), allophycocyanin (APC) -conjugated anti-CD54 (HA58, BD Biosciences), anti-KIR2D (NKVFS1, Miltenyi Biotec), PE-conjugated anti-CD55 (A10, BD Biosciences), APC-conjugated anti-CD68 (Y1/82A, BD Biosciences), anti-HLA-G (87G, BioLegend) and PE-conjugated anti-NKG2C (134591, R&D Systems).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Staining, Expressing, Marker, Binding Assay

Rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) express numerous ligands for natural killer (NK) cell receptors. RA-FLS derived from overgrowth of RA synovial tissue were surface stained for expression of (a) fibroblast-marker CD55 and macrophage-marker CD68 (histograms are representative of n = 3 to n = 5 donors), ligands for activating NK cell receptors (b) NKG2D [MHC class I-chain related protein A,B (MIC-A,B) and UL-16 binding protein 1 (ULBP-1; ULBP-2/5/6,3) and (c) DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1; CD155 and CD112), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1; CD54) and 2B4/CD244 (CD48); and (d) ligands for inhibitory NK cell receptors. Filled histograms represent isotype-matched control immunoglobulin. Histograms in (b) to (d) are representative of the number of donors indicated in plots of median fluorescence intensity (MFI) beneath.

Journal: Immunology

Article Title: Balance between activating NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp44 and NKp46 and inhibitory CD94/NKG2A receptors determine natural killer degranulation towards rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts

doi: 10.1111/imm.12271

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) express numerous ligands for natural killer (NK) cell receptors. RA-FLS derived from overgrowth of RA synovial tissue were surface stained for expression of (a) fibroblast-marker CD55 and macrophage-marker CD68 (histograms are representative of n = 3 to n = 5 donors), ligands for activating NK cell receptors (b) NKG2D [MHC class I-chain related protein A,B (MIC-A,B) and UL-16 binding protein 1 (ULBP-1; ULBP-2/5/6,3) and (c) DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1; CD155 and CD112), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1; CD54) and 2B4/CD244 (CD48); and (d) ligands for inhibitory NK cell receptors. Filled histograms represent isotype-matched control immunoglobulin. Histograms in (b) to (d) are representative of the number of donors indicated in plots of median fluorescence intensity (MFI) beneath.

Article Snippet: Flow cytometry The following antibodies were used for surface staining of either RA-FLS (detached using 2 m m EDTA) or NK cells at 10 μg/ml or 1 : 100 dilution, together with Near-IR LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Dead Cell Stain (Invitrogen): FITC anti-CD3 (HIT3A, BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ), FITC-conjugated anti-CD158a/b (EB6, BD Biosciences), FITC-conjugated anti-CD158b1/b2 (DX27, BD Biosciences), FITC-conjugated anti-CD158e1 (DX9, BD Biosciences), FITC-conjugated anti-DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1; DX11, BD Biosciences), phycoerythrin (PE) -conjugated anti-NKG2D (1D11, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD85j (HP-F1, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD244 (2B4, BD Biosciences), PE-Cy7-conjugated anti-CD56 (B159, BD Biosciences), anti-HLA-E (3D12, eBioscience, San Diego, CA), anti-MHC class I (DX17, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD48 (BJ40, BioLegend, San Diego, CA), anti-MIC-A (159227, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), anti-MIC-B (236511, R&D Systems), anti-UL-16 binding protein 1 (ULBP-1; 170818, R&D Systems), anti-ULBP-2/5/6 (165903, R&D Systems), anti-ULBP-3 (166510, R&D Systems), anti-CD112 (R2.525, BD Biosciences), PE-conjugated anti-CD155 (SKII.4, BioLegend), allophycocyanin (APC) -conjugated anti-CD54 (HA58, BD Biosciences), anti-KIR2D (NKVFS1, Miltenyi Biotec), PE-conjugated anti-CD55 (A10, BD Biosciences), APC-conjugated anti-CD68 (Y1/82A, BD Biosciences), anti-HLA-G (87G, BioLegend) and PE-conjugated anti-NKG2C (134591, R&D Systems).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Staining, Expressing, Marker, Binding Assay, Fluorescence